湖北學(xué)位英語語法詞匯練習(xí)題（13）

湖北學(xué)位英語語法詞匯練習(xí)題（13）

湖北學(xué)位英語語法詞匯練習(xí)題（13）介紹如下，對(duì)于英語基礎(chǔ)薄弱的同學(xué)來說，需要多加練習(xí)增強(qiáng)積累。

1、We'd better eliminate junk foods from our kitchen and keep a variety of high-quality foods _____ at all times.

A. available

B. desirable

C. enormous

D. numerous

A)。考查形容詞語義環(huán)境。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A)available現(xiàn)成可使用的，在手邊的，可利用的;選項(xiàng)B)desirable稱心如意的，值得有的，如I envy Jane because her job is so desirable. 我很羨慕簡(jiǎn)，因?yàn)樗幸环莺芊Q心的工作。選項(xiàng)C)enormous巨大的，極大的，龐大的;選項(xiàng)D)numerous許多的，很多的，如：This is a conclusion he has drawn from numerous facts. 這是他從很多事實(shí)當(dāng)中得出的結(jié)論。根據(jù)題干可判斷出選項(xiàng)A)應(yīng)為正確答案。全句的意思為“我們應(yīng)清除廚房里的垃圾食品，而使各種高質(zhì)量的食物隨手可及”。

2、Faced with rapid inflation and _____ international and home markets, many firms have declared bankrupt.

A. lessening

B. shortening

C. shrinking

D. withdrawing

C)?？疾榻x動(dòng)詞的語義辨析。各選項(xiàng)的意思及用法分別是：選項(xiàng)A) lessening減少，減輕，側(cè)重指程度、重要性等的減輕。如：The defeat lessened our chances of winning the championship. 此次失敗使我們奪冠的希望變得更加渺茫。lessen the burden of減輕負(fù)擔(dān);選項(xiàng)B) shortening縮短，變短，如The days are beginning to shorten. 天開始變短了。shorten the gap between縮小……之間的差距;選項(xiàng)C) shrinking使收縮，縮小，減少，側(cè)重指尺寸、大小等的變小。如：The number of students attending the lecture has shrunk. 聽講座的學(xué)生人數(shù)減少了。Will this soap shrink woolen clothes? 這種肥皂會(huì)使羊毛衣服縮水嗎?選項(xiàng)D) withdrawing收回，撤退，撤銷，如：After awhile, he withdrew his proposal. 過了一會(huì)兒，他撤回了他的提議。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項(xiàng)C)應(yīng)為正確答案。全句意思是“面對(duì)通貨膨脹和日益縮小的國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)，許多公司都已宜布破產(chǎn)”。

3、In the New World as in Europe, each region developed its own _____ pattern of culture.

A. distant

B. distinct

C. distinctive

D. dismissed

C.

[考點(diǎn)]形容詞辨析。distinct“清楚的，清晰的;明顯的，明確的;(～ from)種類不同的，分開的”;distinctive“特別的，有特色的”。

[譯文]在新世界如同在歐洲一樣，每一地區(qū)都形成了其自身的獨(dú)具特色的文化模式。

4、A. who

B. whom

C. him

D. that

B。

[考點(diǎn)]定語從句。本句中的引導(dǎo)詞在從句中充當(dāng)賓語，故用賓格whom。

[譯文]在村子里有那么一個(gè)老頭，我們誰都不喜歡他。

5、You should have put the milk in the ice-box; I expect it _____ undrinkable by now.

A. became

B. had become

C. has become

D. becomes

Best Answer: C

詳解：答案為C。與by now, so far, tip to now這樣的短語連用時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

6、The tendency to lie is perhaps _____ originally by imitations. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors.

A. taken to

B. taken over

C. taken in

D. taken up

Best Answer: D

詳解：答案為D。

take to表示“喜愛”;take over表示“接管”;take in表示“欺騙”;take up表示“接受，形成”。

7、There were no tickets _____ for Friday's performance.

A. preferable

B. considerable

C. possible

D. available

Best Answer: D

詳解：答案為D。詞形辨析和句意搭配題。以"-able"或"-ible"結(jié)尾的形容詞表示被動(dòng)，意為“可……”或“值得……”的意思。preferable指“更可取的，更合意的”;considerable指“可觀的，相當(dāng)多的;值得考慮的”。possible指“可能的”。

8、Don't _____ this news to the public until we give you the go-ahead.

A. release

B. relieve

C. relate

D. retain

Best Answer: A

詳解：答案為A。詞形辨析題。release news指“泄露消息。”其余不構(gòu)成搭配。relieve 指“減輕、緩解”。relate指“敘述、連接”;retain指“保留、維持”。

9、The actual _____ by which coal is extracted is well worth watching.

A. process

B. procession

C. pattern

D. conduct

Best Answer: A

詳解：答案為A。process表示“步驟，程度，制作方法”;procession表示“行進(jìn)的隊(duì)伍”;pattern表示“模式，方式”;conduct表示“行為，方式”。

10、As a _____ president, his views are treated with respect when he is interviewed

A. prior

B. previous

C. late

D. former

Best Answer: D

詳解：答案為D。詞義辨析題。former指“前任的，前一個(gè)”，表示順序上的前一個(gè);prior指“較早的”，“優(yōu)先的”是比較級(jí)形式，常和to連用，previous指“先前的，上文的”，表明時(shí)間和方位上的先后。late指“遲的，晚期的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間上的先后。

11、The current political _____ of our country is favorable for foreign investments.

A. climate

B. weather

C. temperature

D. state

查看/隱藏答案

Best Answer: A

詳解：應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。climate(可數(shù)名詞)意為“(一個(gè)地區(qū)或一個(gè)時(shí)期總的)氣候”;weather意為“(指每日每時(shí)的晴陰，溫度)天氣”;state意為“狀況，狀態(tài)”。

12、The angry teacher gave the order that nobody _____ the classroom before twelve.

A. would leave

B. left

C. had left

D. leave

查看/隱藏答案

Best Answer: D

詳解：應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。that引導(dǎo)order(命令)的同位語從句，從句用(should)do表示虛擬語氣。

13、Are there any other factors that might affect the development of a child _____ education and innate inability?

A. apart from

B. away from

C. far from

D. but for

Best Answer: A

詳解：應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

apart from 除……之外，away from 遠(yuǎn)離，far from 遠(yuǎn)非，but for 要不是。

句意為：除了教育和先天的不足，還有什么其他因素會(huì)影響一個(gè)孩子的發(fā)展?

14、er humorous remarks seemed _____, but were in fact carefully prepared beforehand.

A. precise

B. blank

C. spontaneous

D. bold

Best Answer: C

詳解：應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。spontaneous 自發(fā)的;自然產(chǎn)生的，precise 精確的;準(zhǔn)確的，blank 空白的;空著的，bold 大膽的。

句意為：她的幽默的評(píng)論看起來好像很自然，但是實(shí)際上是事先認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備好的。

15、_____ the financial means to remain independent, Thomas Edison was compelled to seek employment as a night telegraph operator.

A. He was deprived of

B. Deprived of

C. That he was deprived of

D. Although he was deprived of

Best Answer: B

詳解：應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。過去分詞表原因作狀語，句意為：失去了保持獨(dú)立經(jīng)濟(jì)來源，愛迪生不得不當(dāng)夜間電報(bào)員。

16、The firm will have to step _____ production if it is to defeat its competitors.

A. off

B. in

C. out

D. up

Best Answer: D

詳解：應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。step up意為“提高，加快”;step off意為“開步走，步量(距離)”;step in意為“介入，干涉;參加進(jìn)來(幫忙)”;step out意為“走出去”。

17、After writing poetry unsuccessfully for several years, he was not certain whether to quit or _____ with his art.

A. if he should continue

B. he should continue

C. to be continued

D. to continue

Best Answer: D

詳解：應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。to continue與to quit并列。

18、They have made a _____ plan to build a suspension bridge over the river.

A. bald

B. bound

C. bold

D. bare

Best Answer: C

詳解：應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。

bold大膽的，bald光禿的，bound被束縛了的，bare赤裸的;無遮蓋的。

句意為：他們已做出了一個(gè)大膽的計(jì)劃要在這條河上建一所吊橋。

19、In the 1850's Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin" became the best seller of the generation, _____ a host of imitators.

A. inspiring

B. inspired

C. inspired by

D. to inspire

Best Answer: A

詳解：應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。分詞短語做狀語。句意為：19世紀(jì)50年代，斯托的《湯姆叔叔的小屋》成為30年來的暢銷書，因而激起了一大群偽造者。

20、Jane's _____ for gardening is evident by all of these beautiful flowers.

A. acquaintance

B. familiarity

C. achievement

D. enthusiasm

Best Answer: D

詳解：應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。

enthusiasm熱衷，狂熱，acquaintance相識(shí)，familiarity熟悉，achievement成就，功績(jī)。

句意為：從這些漂亮的花可以明顯看出簡(jiǎn)對(duì)園藝的熱衷。

21、Reading is to the mind _____ food is to the body.

A. what

B. that

C. similar

D. which

Best Answer: A

詳解：應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

what是關(guān)系代詞，A is to B what C is to D，A對(duì)于B之間的關(guān)系猶如C對(duì)于D。

句意為：讀書對(duì)于大腦來說就像食物對(duì)于身體一樣。

22、I would never have encouraged you to go into this field _____ it would be so hard for you.

A. had I known

B. and I had known

C. should I know

D. but I knew

Best Answer: A

詳解：應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

此句為虛擬語氣，如果條件從句中包含有一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞，可把if省略，這時(shí)助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)放在主語前面。

句意為：要是我知道這件事情對(duì)你如此之難，我就不會(huì)鼓勵(lì)你進(jìn)入這個(gè)領(lǐng)域。

23、Are there any other factors that might affect the development of a child ______ education and innate inability?

A. apart from

B. away from

C. far from D. but for

Best Answer: A

詳解：應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

apart from除……之外，away from遠(yuǎn)離，far from 遠(yuǎn)非，but for要不是。

句意為：除了教育和先天的不足，還有什么其他因素會(huì)影響一個(gè)孩子的發(fā)展?

24、We drive our car fast and soon _____ other cars on the road.

A. oversee

B. overtake

C. overrun

D. override

Best Answer: B

詳解：

【譯文】我們開得很快，一會(huì)兒就超越了公路上的其他汽車。

【注釋】overtake“追上，趕上，超過”。oversee“俯瞰;監(jiān)督，監(jiān)視”。overrun“溢出;(侵略軍)橫行于”。override“奔越過，踐踏過;制服，壓倒”。

25、Professor Black and professor Smith will _____ in giving the class lectures.

A. alter

B. change

C. alternate

D. differ

BestAnswer:C

詳解：答案為C。alternate指“交替”;alter指“改變”。

26、The time has come _____ we make extensive use of nuclear energy.

A. When

B. while

C. as

D. since

Best Answer: A

詳解：答案為A。when引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾time，有時(shí)為了使句子平衡，也就是使主語不必過長(zhǎng)，而把定語從句或同位語從句后置于謂語之后。如：The news came that our team won the match.

27、Do you know the name of that _____ insect?

A. funny, little, red, mosquito-like

B. little, funny, mosquito-like, red

C. red, little, funny, mosquito-like

D. mosquito-like, red, little, funny

Best Answer: A

詳解：答案為A。本題考核修飾語的排列順序：限定詞—數(shù)詞—一般描繪性形容詞—表示大小、形狀的形容詞—表示年齡、新舊的形容詞—表示色彩的形容詞—表示國(guó)籍、地區(qū)、出處的形容詞—表示物質(zhì)、材料的形容詞—表示用途、類別的形容詞—被修飾名詞。了解個(gè)大概順序，如果記不得，只有讀幾遍憑語感來選擇。

28、Human beings are superior to animals _____ they can use language as a tool to communicate.

A. for which

B. in which

C. in that

D. for that

Best Answer: C

詳解：答案為C。in that表示“因?yàn)?，既?rdquo;

29、The city government has determined to get _____ with people who try to escape paying taxes.

A. rough

B. tough

C. rigid

D. bold

B)。考查形容詞語義及搭配。能與介詞with搭配的只有選項(xiàng)B)tough，get tough with/on sb.意為“對(duì)……采取堅(jiān)決態(tài)度;對(duì)……采用強(qiáng)硬手段”。其余選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A)rough意為“粗糙的;粗野的，粗暴的;粗略的，大致的”;選項(xiàng)C)rigid(行為觀點(diǎn)等)嚴(yán)格的，死板的，不易改變的;選項(xiàng)D)bold意為“勇敢的，無畏的;冒失的，魯莽的”。全句的意思是“政府部門決心采取強(qiáng)硬手段來懲治偷稅人員”。

30、Some concepts may be difficult to grasp chiefly because they may be unfamiliar or _____ ideas, opinions which we already hold.

A. in accordance with

B. in conflict with

C. in favor of

D. in response to

B)。考查介詞短語的語義。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A)in accordance with依照，根據(jù);選項(xiàng)B)in conflict with與……相沖突;選項(xiàng)C)in favor of支持，贊同;選項(xiàng)D)in response to作為對(duì)……的反應(yīng)。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項(xiàng)B)為正確答案。全句的意思為“一些觀念很難讓人領(lǐng)會(huì)主要是因?yàn)槲覀儗?duì)其不熟悉或者是因?yàn)榕c我們?cè)械挠^點(diǎn)相矛盾”。

31、The purpose of your resume is to _____ enough interest in you to have an employer contact you for an interview.

A. assemble

B. generate

C. yield

D. gather

B)?？疾閯?dòng)詞的語義辨析。各選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A)assemble意為“集合，聚集，召集;裝配”，如：The whole school assembled in the main hall.全校學(xué)生在大禮堂集合。Before you assemble the model plane, read the instructions.在你組裝模型飛機(jī)前，先讀說明書。選項(xiàng)B)generate意為“生成，產(chǎn)生(光、熱、電等);引起(興趣等)”，如：News of the Queen's visit is generating a lot of excitement.女皇來訪的消息使大家感到非常興奮。選項(xiàng)C)yield意為“生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)生(利潤(rùn)、回報(bào)等);投降，屈服”，如：His business yields big profits.他的生意利潤(rùn)豐厚。選項(xiàng)D)gather意為“聚集，集合;收集，采集”，如：Many people gathered in the town square.很多人聚集在市政廣場(chǎng)。該題需注意選項(xiàng)B)和選項(xiàng)C)在搭配上的區(qū)別。根據(jù)題意，選項(xiàng)B)應(yīng)為正確答案。全句意思為是“簡(jiǎn)歷就是要充分引起雇主對(duì)你的興趣，并達(dá)到進(jìn)一步聯(lián)系面試的目的”。

32、We'd better eliminate junk foods from our kitchen and keep a variety of high-quality foods _____ at all times.

A. available

B. desirable

C. enormous

D. numerous

A)。考查形容詞語義環(huán)境。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A)available現(xiàn)成可使用的，在手邊的，可利用的;選項(xiàng)B)desirable稱心如意的，值得有的，如I envy Jane because her job is so desirable.我很羨慕簡(jiǎn)，因?yàn)樗幸环莺芊Q心的工作。選項(xiàng)C)enormous巨大的，極大的，龐大的;選項(xiàng)D)numerous許多的，很多的，如：This is a conclusion he has drawn from numerous facts.這是他從很多事實(shí)當(dāng)中得出的結(jié)論。根據(jù)題干可判斷出選項(xiàng)A)應(yīng)為正確答案。全句的意思為“我們應(yīng)清除廚房里的垃圾食品，而使各種高質(zhì)量的食物隨手可及”。

33、Faced with rapid inflation and _____ international and home markets, many firms have declared bankrupt.

A. lessening

B. shortening

C. shrinking

D. withdrawing

C)。考查近義動(dòng)詞的語義辨析。各選項(xiàng)的意思及用法分別是：選項(xiàng)A)lessening減少，減輕，側(cè)重指程度、重要性等的減輕。如：The defeat lessened our chances of winning the championship.此次失敗使我們奪冠的希望變得更加渺茫。lessen the burden of減輕負(fù)擔(dān);選項(xiàng)B)shortening縮短，變短，如The days are beginning to shorten.天開始變短了。shorten the gap between縮小……之間的差距;選項(xiàng)C)shrinking使收縮，縮小，減少，側(cè)重指尺寸、大小等的變小。如：The number of students attending the lecture has shrunk.聽講座的學(xué)生人數(shù)減少了。Will this soap shrink woolen clothes?這種肥皂會(huì)使羊毛衣服縮水嗎?選項(xiàng)D) withdrawing收回，撤退，撤銷，如：After awhile, he withdrew his proposal.過了一會(huì)兒，他撤回了他的提議。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項(xiàng)C)應(yīng)為正確答案。全句意思是“面對(duì)通貨膨脹和日益縮小的國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)，許多公司都已宜布破產(chǎn)”。

34、Last night he saw two dark _____ enter the building, and then there was the explosion.

A) features

B) figures

C) sketches

D) images

[答案] B

[譯文] 昨天晚上他看見兩個(gè)黑影進(jìn)了大樓，然后就發(fā)生了爆炸。

[解析] Feature 表示“特征，特點(diǎn)”;sketch的意思是“素描，梗概，草圖”;image表示“形象”;而figure表示“外形，輪廓，體型”，符合上下文。

35、It is obvious that this new rule is applicable to everyone without _____.

A) exception

B) exclusion

C) modification

D) substitution

[答案] A

[譯文] 很明顯，這條規(guī)定適用于任何人，沒有例外。

[解析] Without exception為固定搭配，表示“毫無例外，無一例外”。Exclusion表示“排除，排外”;modification的意思是“更改，修正”;substitution表示“替代”。

36、Last night he saw two dark _____ enter the building, and then there was the explosion.

A. features

B. figures

C. sketches

D. images

[答案] B

[譯文] 昨天晚上他看見兩個(gè)黑影進(jìn)了大樓，然后就發(fā)生了爆炸。

[解析] Feature表示“特征，特點(diǎn)”;sketch的意思是“素描，梗概，草圖”;image表示“形象”;而figure表示“外形，輪廓，體型”，符合上下文。

37、Faced with rapid inflation and _____ international and home markets, many firms have declared bankrupt.

A. lessening

B. shortening

C. shrinking

D. withdrawing

[答案] C。

考查近義動(dòng)詞的語義辨析。各選項(xiàng)的意思及用法分別是：選項(xiàng)Alessening減少，減輕，側(cè)重指程度、重要性等的減輕。如：The defeat lessened our chances of winning the championship. 此次失敗使我們奪冠的希望變得更加渺茫。lessen the burden of減輕負(fù)擔(dān);選項(xiàng)Bshortening縮短，變短，如The days are beginning to shorten.天開始變短了。shorten the gap between縮小……之間的差距;選項(xiàng)Cshrinking使收縮，縮小，減少，側(cè)重指尺寸、大小等的變小。如：The number of students attending the lecture has shrunk.聽講座的學(xué)生人數(shù)減少了。Will this soap shrink woolen clothes?這種肥皂會(huì)使羊毛衣服縮水嗎?選項(xiàng)D withdrawing收回，撤退，撤銷，如：After awhile, he withdrew his proposal.過了一會(huì)兒，他撤回了他的提議。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項(xiàng)C應(yīng)為正確答案。全句意思是“面對(duì)通貨膨脹和日益縮小的國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)，許多公司都已宜布破產(chǎn)”。

38、We'd better eliminate junk foods from our kitchen and keep a variety of high-quality foods _____ at all times.

A. available

B. desirable

C. enormous

D. numerous

[答案] A。

考查形容詞語義環(huán)境。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)Aavailable現(xiàn)成可使用的，在手邊的，可利用的;選項(xiàng)Bdesirable稱心如意的，值得有的，如I envy Jane because her job is so desirable.我很羨慕簡(jiǎn)，因?yàn)樗幸环莺芊Q心的工作。選項(xiàng)Cenormous巨大的，極大的，龐大的;選項(xiàng)Dnumerous許多的，很多的，如：This is a conclusion he has drawn from numerous facts.這是他從很多事實(shí)當(dāng)中得出的結(jié)論。根據(jù)題干可判斷出選項(xiàng)A應(yīng)為正確答案。全句的意思為“我們應(yīng)清除廚房里的垃圾食品，而使各種高質(zhì)量的食物隨手可及”。

39、The purpose of your resume is to _____ enough interest in you to have an employer contact you for an interview.

A. assemble

B. generate

C. yield

D. gather

[答案] B。

考查動(dòng)詞的語義辨析。各選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)Aassemble意為“集合，聚集，召集;裝配”，如：The whole school assembled in the main hall.全校學(xué)生在大禮堂集合。Before you assemble the model plane, read the instructions.在你組裝模型飛機(jī)前，先讀說明書。選項(xiàng)Bgenerate意為“生成，產(chǎn)生光、熱、電等;引起興趣等”，如：News of the Queen's visit is generating a lot of excitement.女皇來訪的消息使大家感到非常興奮。選項(xiàng)Cyield意為“生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)生利潤(rùn)、回報(bào)等;投降，屈服”，如：His business yields big profits.他的生意利潤(rùn)豐厚。選項(xiàng)Dgather意為“聚集，集合;收集，采集”，如：Many people gathered in the town square.很多人聚集在市政廣場(chǎng)。該題需注意選項(xiàng)B和選項(xiàng)C在搭配上的區(qū)別。根據(jù)題意，選項(xiàng)B應(yīng)為正確答案。全句意思為是“簡(jiǎn)歷就是要充分引起雇主對(duì)你的興趣，并達(dá)到進(jìn)一步聯(lián)系面試的目的”。

40、They are going to have the serviceman _____ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.

A. install

B. to install

C. to be installed

D. installed

[譯文] 他們準(zhǔn)備讓勤雜工明天在辦公室安裝一臺(tái)電扇。

答案為A. 本題是一道語法測(cè)試題。我們知道使役動(dòng)詞，have、let、make后面的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語時(shí)，應(yīng)省略to，本句由應(yīng)有have sb. do sth. 故我們選A)項(xiàng)。