2013年湖北高考英語復(fù)習(xí)：冠詞

用法

典型例句

1、與可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)連用，表示類別。

--- I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over the keyboard.

--- You shouldn’t put drinks near
acomputer. (2006 北京)

2、泛指某人或某物，表示"某一個"，相當(dāng)于a certain。

--- Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? (2006 全國1)

--- Sorry, wrong number. There isn't
aMr. Smith here.

3、用于數(shù)量、時間等名詞前，表示“每一（單位）的……”相當(dāng)于per。

I earn 10 dollars
anhour as a supermarket cashier on Saturdays. (2003上海)

4、用于固定詞組中。

a knowledge of ,have a gift for , give sb. a ride, a couple of, have a good time, keep a diary, in a hurry, once in a while, at a loss, tell a lie, do sb. a favor

用法

典型例句

1、用來特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。所特指的名詞常被短語或定語從句所修飾。

Of all
thereasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father’s advice was the most important one.（2006 遼寧）

2、指說話的雙方都知道的人或事物。

Don’t worry if you can’t come to
theparty. I’ll save some cake for you.（2006 浙江）

3、復(fù)述上文中提到的事物。

There is a shelf in my father’s room.
Theshelf is new.

4、用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前，表示該類事物，相當(dāng)于a。

When you come here for your holiday next time, don’t go to
thehotel; I can find you a bed in my flat.（04全國I）

5、序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級前。

比較級前若表示特指時也要用定冠詞the。

The cakes are delicious. He’d like to have a third one because
thesecond one is rather too small. (02上海春季)

I want to chat with
thetaller of the two men.

6、在表示方位、樂器的名詞前。

Summer in
thesouth of France is for the most part dry and sunny. (2000 北京春季)

play the piano, play the violin

7、用于復(fù)數(shù)姓氏之前，表示“夫婦”或“全家”。

the Smiths

8、表示世界上獨一無二事物的名詞前。

the sun; the moon; the earth; the world

9、用于由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞、江河、山脈、湖泊、海洋、群島、海峽、海灣運河及某些建筑物等名稱前。

According to
the World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent thespread of AIDS.(2006 全國II )

After dinner he gave Mr. Richardson a ride to t
he Capital Airport. （05安徽）

10、在某些形容詞之前，可表示某一類人。

the rich; the poor; the old; the wounded, the living, the dead

用法

典型例句

1、人名、地名（街名、廣場名、公園名）、大學(xué)名、國名、病名前。

Wang Fu Jing Street Pei Hai Park北海公園

Beijing University 但也可說the University of Beijing

2、抽象名詞表示一般概念時，一般不用冠詞。

When you finish reading the book, you will have a better understanding of
life. （04遼寧）

3、物質(zhì)名詞表示一般概念時，一般不用冠詞。

The warmth ofthe sweater will of course be determined by the sort of
woolused.（2001全國）

4、表示職位或頭銜的抽象名詞前，常不用冠詞。但表示具體的人時，加the。

We will elect engineer Liu
directorof our factory.

類似的名詞還有：president, monitor, headmaster, mayor等

5、表示季節(jié)、月份、星期幾、節(jié)、假日等表示時間的名稱前，不用冠詞。但我國的陰歷節(jié)前要用the。

Children’s Day; Women’s Day; May Day

the Spring Festival

6、三餐、學(xué)科名稱、球類活動和棋類游戲的名稱前，不用冠詞。

play basketball; play chess

7、man作“人類”講時，同human, mankind 一樣不用冠詞。

While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made a discovery, which completely changed
man’sunderstanding of color.（04廣東）

8、by與表示“通信、交通”的詞連用，表示通信,交通手段時，不用冠詞。

If you go
by train, you can have quite a comfortable journey, but make sure you get a fast one.（05全國III）

9、復(fù)數(shù)名詞前不用冠詞泛指類別。

It is often said that
teachershave a very easy life.( 05北京)

10、有些名詞與介詞搭配表示抽象意義，不加冠詞，常作狀語。

His daughter is always shy
in publicand she never dares to make a speech to the public.(2001上海)

in surprise (wonder, danger, tears, comfort ), in love with, under pressure, beyond expression等