2016年湖北學(xué)位英語時態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)三
湖北2016年學(xué)位英語時態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)三
過去完成時
(1)表示在過去某一時刻或動作以前完成了的動作,即“過去的過去”??梢杂胋y, before等介詞短語或一個時間狀語從句來表示,也可以用一個表示過去的動作來表示,還可能通過上下文來表示。如:
By nine o'clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.
到昨晚9點鐘,我們已經(jīng)收到200張飛船發(fā)來的圖片。
(2)表示由過去的某一時刻開始,一直延續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作或狀態(tài),常和for, since構(gòu)成的時間狀語連用。例如:
I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.
當(dāng)車來的時候,我在車站已等了20分鐘。
He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.
他說自從1949年以來他就在那家工廠工作。
(3)敘述過去發(fā)生的事情,在已敘述了過去發(fā)生的事情后,反過來追述或補述以前發(fā)生的動作時,常使用過去完成時。例如:
Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine.
史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。
I didn‘t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson.
我對動詞一無所知,因為我沒有好好學(xué)習(xí)功課。
(4)在含有定語從句的主從復(fù)合句中,如果敘述的是過去的事,先發(fā)生的動作常用過去完成時。例如:
I returned the book that I had borrowed. 我已歸還了我借的書。
She found the key that she had lost. 她丟失的鑰匙找到了。
(5)過去完成時常常用在賓語從句(或間接引語)中,這時從句中的動作發(fā)生在主句表示的過去的動作之前。例如:。
He said that he had known her well. 他說他很熟悉她。
I thought I had sent the letter a week before. 我認(rèn)為我一星期前就把信寄出去了。
(6)在包含有when, until等連詞的復(fù)合句中。例如:
When I woke up, it had already stopped raining.我醒來時雨已停了。
She didn't go to bed until she had finished he work.她直到把工作做完之后才睡覺。
(7)動詞think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用過去完成時來表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的想法,希望,打算或意圖等。例如:
They had wanted to help but could not get there in time.
他們本來打算去幫忙,但沒有及時趕到那里。
We had hoped to be able to come and see you. 我們本來希望能來看看你。
(8)過去完成時還可用在hardly…when…, no sooner…than…, It was the first (second, etc) time (that)…等固定句型中。例如: .
Hardly had he began to speak when the audience interrupted him. 他剛開始演講,聽眾就打斷了他。
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again. 他剛到就又走了。
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