2013年湖北高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)：高考必考重點(diǎn)句型(3)

湖北
2013年高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)：高考必考重點(diǎn)句型(3)

句型17

　　where…(地點(diǎn)從句)

　　[注意]where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)從句時(shí)，可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句或是邏輯地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)它在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，指代地點(diǎn)時(shí)，這時(shí)可以用in which, on which, at which, to which, from which等結(jié)構(gòu)代替。但是它引導(dǎo)邏輯地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，沒(méi)有這樣用法。

　　[例句]

　　You should put the book where it was. 把書放回原處。

　　Persistent people begin their success where others end in failure.

　　不屈不撓者從他人失敗的地方獲取成功。

　　Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。

　　Where men are greedy, there is never peace. 人類貪欲不止，世界和平無(wú)望。

　　Go where you should, keep on studying. 無(wú)論你到哪里，你都應(yīng)該繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)。

　　That is the building where my father works. 那是我父親工作的大樓。

　　Yesterday I went to the department store, where I met my teacher. 昨天我去百貨公司，就在那兒遇見(jiàn)了我的老師。

　　That's where a change is needed. 那就是需要變更的地方。

　　We could see the runners very well from where we stood. 從我們所站的地方能很清楚地看到賽跑的選手。

　　You should let your children play where you can see them. 你應(yīng)該讓小孩在你的視線所及的地方玩耍。

　　Potatoes can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice.=Potatoes can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice.(本句where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)

　　有些地方太冷不能種水稻，但可以種馬鈴薯。

　　[請(qǐng)比較下面的句子結(jié)構(gòu)的不同]

　　Potatoes can be grown where it is too cold to grow rice.(本句where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句)

句型18

　　what引導(dǎo)的從句

　　what在英語(yǔ)中非常活躍,它可以用來(lái)引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句，但是不用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。在句子里可以充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)，既可以指人，也可以指物。

　　[例句]

　　What is the population of the world? 世界的人口有多少?

　　What did you pay for this picture? 這幅畫你付了多少錢?

　　What is most important in life isn't money. 人生最重要的并非是金錢。

　　Will you show me what you bought? 可以把你所買的東西給我看一下嗎?

　　Mary is no longer what she was ten years ago. Mary已經(jīng)不是10年前的她了。

句型19

　　as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

　　在as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，連接代詞as在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等，可以指人或物。其在定語(yǔ)從句中的位置比較靈活，即可以在句子 前面，在句子中間或句子末尾。常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有：as we all know; as is well known to…; as is often the case; as is said/mentioned above; as has been said before; as I told you before; as is evident; as often happens; as can be seen; as is/was expected; as we expect; as I can remember等。

　　[注意1]as通常只指整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容，不表示部分內(nèi)容。

　　[注意2]as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句通常指"事先可以預(yù)料到的""料想到的"，表達(dá)"好"的方面。

　　[注意3]as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，常構(gòu)成the same…as…; such…as…; so/as …as…等結(jié)構(gòu)。在從句中既可以指人、物，也可以指整個(gè)句子。

　　[例句]

　　This is also part of your work, as I told you before. 我曾告訴過(guò)你，這也是你工作的一部分。

　　The man was a teacher, as was evident from his way of speaking. 從那人說(shuō)話的樣子可明顯看出，他是個(gè)老師。

　　Such ideas as he hits on are worthless. 像他那樣偶然想起的主意是無(wú)用的。

　　It's the same story as I heard from her yesterday. 這故事跟我從她那兒聽(tīng)到的相同。

　　He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find. 他要盡可能找漂亮的女孩結(jié)婚。

　　Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be greatly respected.

　　那些對(duì)世界做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)的人們應(yīng)該受到極大的尊重。

句型20

　　which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句(也引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句)

　　which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句既可以指整個(gè)句子內(nèi)容，也可以指句子的部分內(nèi)容(如單詞或詞組等)，在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)(動(dòng)詞或介詞 的)、定語(yǔ)等。注意它在句子中的位置：只能放在主句后，不能放在主句前。表達(dá)的內(nèi)容是"不好的"、"事先沒(méi)有預(yù)料到的"等時(shí)，常用which，只指物。

　　[例句]

　　Yellowstone National Park, which is in Wyoming, is one of the most beautiful national parks in the world. 黃石國(guó)家公園位于懷俄明州，是世界上最美麗的國(guó)家公園之一。

　　The clock, which my grandfather bought, is still in good order. 這時(shí)鐘是我祖父買的，現(xiàn)在還走時(shí)很準(zhǔn)。

　　The picture, for which he paid an enormous amount of money, was a forgery.

　　那幅畫他花了一大筆錢購(gòu)買，卻是幅贗品。

　　She changed her mind again, which made us all angry. 她又改變了主意，這使我們大家都生氣了。

　　I lived three years in Paris, during which time I learned French. 我在巴黎住了三年，在那期間我學(xué)了法語(yǔ)。

　　The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect. 天氣結(jié)果轉(zhuǎn)晴，這是我們沒(méi)有預(yù)料到的。

句型21

　　(1)、疑問(wèn)詞+ever whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever,

　　wherever, however用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于no matter和what, who, which, when, where, how連用。

　　[例句]

　　Whatever (=No matter what) may happen, we shall not lose hope.

　　無(wú)論發(fā)生什么事，我們都不能失去希望。

　　Whatever reasons you (may) have, you should carry out a promise. 無(wú)論你有什么理由，你都應(yīng)該遵守諾言。

　　Whoever (=No matter who) comes, he will be warmly welcome. 無(wú)論誰(shuí)來(lái)，都會(huì)受到熱烈歡迎。

　　Whenever (=No matter when) it happened, it was certainly not yesterday.

　　此事無(wú)論發(fā)生在何時(shí)，但絕不是昨天。

　　Whenever you (may) call, you will find her sitting by the window. 無(wú)論什么時(shí)候你去找她，你都會(huì)看到她坐在窗邊。

　　Wherever (=No matter where) he went, he made friends with people.

　　Whichever (=No matter which) of them you many choose, the quality will be the same.

　　他們當(dāng)中不論你選哪一個(gè)，品質(zhì)都一樣。

　　However (=No matter how) hard I have tried, I can't find the answer.

　　(2)、whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever等引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，這時(shí)不能用no matter+疑問(wèn)詞替換。

　　[例句]

　　Take whichever you want. 你要哪個(gè)就拿哪個(gè)。

　　We will do whatever we can to help him out. 我們要盡力幫助他擺脫困境。

　　I'll show you whatever you want to see. 你想看什么我就給你看什么。

　　Whoever did this job must be rewarded. 無(wú)論誰(shuí)做這件事都要得到報(bào)酬。

　　Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold. 任何人在這種大雨中行走都會(huì)患感冒。

　　You may invite whomever(口語(yǔ)中常用whoever代替)you like to the party. 你可以邀請(qǐng)你喜歡的人來(lái)參加晚會(huì)。

　　Take whatever magazines you want to read. 你可以取閱任何你想讀的雜志。

　　倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)

句型22

　　全倒裝句型(一)

　　here, there, out, in, up, down, now, then, away等副詞放在句首，句子需要全部倒裝

　　[例句]

　　There goes the bell! = The bell is ringing. 鈴響了!

　　Here comes the bus. =The bus is coming. 汽車來(lái)了。

　　Now comes your turn to make a short speech. 該輪到你發(fā)言了。

　　Away went the thief when he saw the police.

　　Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. 我們期盼的時(shí)候到了。

　　[注意]

　　(1)在這種情況下倒裝僅限于不及物動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞，像go, come, rush, live, stand, lie等。

　　(2)主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí)不要倒裝。如：Away he went. 他走遠(yuǎn)了。

句型23

　　全倒裝句型(二)

　　表示方位的狀語(yǔ)放在句首，句子全倒裝;謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多為be, lie, stand, sit, come, walk, run, stop etc. 不及物動(dòng)詞。

　　[例句]

　　On a hill in front of them stands a great castle. 在他們面前的山上矗立著一座巨大的城堡。

　　In front of the house stopped a police car. 房子的全面停著一輛警車。

　　Around the corner walks a young policeman. 拐角處有個(gè)年輕的警察在行走。

　　Under the tree sat a boy of about ten. 在樹下坐著一個(gè)大約10歲的男孩。

句型24

　　全倒裝句型(三)

　　(表語(yǔ))adj. / v-ing / v-ed +(地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))+ be(或其他動(dòng)詞形式)…

　　So adj./adv…that…如此……以至于……(so引導(dǎo)的句子倒裝，而that引導(dǎo)的句子不倒裝!) (這種結(jié)構(gòu)是半倒裝句。)

　　[例句]

　　Present at the meeting were the manager, all the designers and the writer. 出席會(huì)議的有經(jīng)理，設(shè)計(jì)師和詞作者。

　　Fastened to the pole is the National flag. 旗桿上有一面國(guó)旗。

　　Hidden behind the door were some naughty children. 有幾個(gè)頑皮的孩子藏在門后面。

　　Sitting at the back of the classroom were several old teachers, listening attentively to the new teacher. 坐在教室后面的是幾位老教師，他們?cè)谡J(rèn)真地聽(tīng)新教師的課。

　　Gone are the days when farmers lived in the poor houses.

　　農(nóng)民住在破舊房子里的日子過(guò)去了。

　　Typical for China is the crosstalk show, where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play. 相聲是中國(guó)典型的喜劇，兩個(gè)演員通過(guò)玩弄詞藻來(lái)逗樂(lè)觀眾。

　　So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.

　　他說(shuō)英語(yǔ)非常清晰，別人都能聽(tīng)懂他的話。

　　So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光運(yùn)行非常快，我們幾乎無(wú)法想象它的速度。