2012年4月英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況自考試題
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2012年4月（全國(guó)）英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況自考試題
I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, 1 point for each)
1. About a hundred years ago, Britain ruled an empire that had colonies in ______.
A. Europe, Africa and Asia
B. Australia, Africa and Europe
C. Asia, Africa and North America
D. Europe, Africa and North America
2. The ______ tribes are ancestors of the highland Scots, the Irish and the Welsh.
A. Danish B. Celtic
C. Anglo-Saxon D. Viking
3. Which of the following statements about Roman Britain is true?
A. The Romans remained in control of Britain for over 500 years.
B. The Romans never treated the Britons as a subject people of slave class.
C. During the four centuries, Romans and Britons had a lot of intermarriages.
D. The Romans had no impact on the language or culture of ordinary Britons.
4. Under ______, the feudal system in England was completely established.
A. Edward I B. Henry II
C. King Alfred D. William the Conqueror
5. _______ was, above all, responsible for the religious reform of the Church in the 16th century.
A. Henry VII B. Henry VIII
C. Edward IV D. Edward VI
6. Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, was Elizabeth I’s ______.
A. sister B. daughter
C. cousin D. half-sister
7. The English Renaissance was largely ______.
A. literary B. political
C. religious D. philosophical
8. Loosely speaking, ______ opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Nonconformists.
A. the Whigs B. the Tories
C. the House of Lords D. the House of Commons
9. Which of the following statements about World War II is true?
A. Britain lost about 250,000 lives during the war.
B. Britain became a powerful empire after the war.
C. Britain only devoted part of its entire strength to the war.
D. Britain suffered far more military casualties in World War II than in World War I.
10. The Industrial Revolution refers to the ______ and the consequent changes in social and economic organizations in Britain in the 18th and 19th centuries.
A. urbanization of Britain B. reformation of the Church
C. mechanization of industry D. mechanization of agriculture
11. The oldest institution of government in the U.K. is ______, which goes back to at least the 9th century.
A. the Monarchy B. the Parliament
C. the Privy Council D. the Metropolitan Police
12. The maximum duration of a Parliament in the U.K. is ______.
A. two years B. four years
C. five years D. six years
13. The husband of Queen Elizabeth II is ______.
A. Prince Andrew B. Prince Philip
C. Prince Charles D. Prince William
14. The Lords Temporal in Britain’s House of Lords consists of all the following EXCEPT _____.
A. life peers
B. hereditary peers
C. Lords of appeal of “l(fā)aw lords”
D. the Archbishops of Canterbury and York
15. The House of Commons in the U.K. had its first woman speaker in ______.
A. 1990 B. 1991
C. 1992 D. 1993
16. In England and Wales, lay magistrates (“justice of the peace” or JPs) are appointed by ______.
A. the Monarch B. the Parliament
C. the Prime Minister D. the Lord Chancellor
17. The ______ is the largest single employer of labor in the U.K.
A. British Airways B. British Petroleum
C. National Health Service D. British Telecommunications
18. _____ was founded in 1969, and began its first course in 1970.
A. Glasgow University B. Aberdeen University
C. The Open University D. St Andrews University
19.______ is the most typical English sport in England.
A. Golf B. Cricket
C. Tennis D. Football
20. ______ is a contemporary British musical composer.
A. David Hare B. Tom Stoppard
C. Harold Pinter D. Lloyd Webber
21. The United States of America, with a population of 255.5 million in 1992, was the ______ most populous country in the world.
A. second B. third
C. fourth D. fifth
22. Statistically ______ have been the fastest growing states in population for the last 20 years.
A. Arizona, Nevada and Florida
B. California, Nevada and Florida
C. Arizona, New Jersey and Nevada
D. Arizona, New Mexico and Florida
23. The war at ______ in Northern New York proved to be a great turning point of the War of Independence.
A. Lexington B. Concord
C. Yorktown D. Saratoga
24. The Federalist Papers written under the name of Publius were co-authored by ______.
A. Alexander Hamilton, John Locke and John Jay .
B. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay
C. Andrew Jackson, James Madison and Thomas Jefferson
D. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and Thomas Jefferson
25. The American expansionist movement produced a theory called ______.
A. New Frontier B. New Darwinism
C. Manifest Destiny D. Roosevelt Corollary
26. Which of the following statements is NOT considered the valid reason for the disappearance of black slavery in the American North in the early 1800s?
A. The price of slaves was too high.
B. Slavery was simply illegal in the North.
C. The Africans could not stand cold winters in the North.
D. As the North turned toward industry, mechanics and not farmhands were needed.
27. In the political area, the Progressive Movement demanded ______.
A. the banning of child labor
B. improve living conditions
C. industrial accident insurance
D. reforming the city and state governments
28. The 19th Amendment of voting right for women was adopted during the ______
Administration.
A. J.F.Kennedy’s B. Woodrow Wilson’s
C. Franklin Roosevelt’s D. Theodore Roosevelt’s
29. As a result of the Great Depression, many people lost their land and other properties because of ______.
A. bankruptcy B. foreclosure
C. speculation D. profiteering
30. The aim of measures in the New Deal, as President Roosevelt put it, was to _______.
A. “save American democracy”
B. “regulate and reform the banking system”
C. “strengthen government intervention in business”
D. “raise the role of labor in the relations of production”
31. The first summit between the United States, the Soviet Union and Britain during World War II was held in ______ in November 1943.
A. Yalta B. Cairo
C. Tehran D. Potsdam
32. The open declaration of the containment policy was made by U.S. President ______ on March 12, 1949.
A, Hoover B. Truman
C. Roosevelt D. Eisenhower
33. Since 1945 the United States entered a 25-year economic boom, and the cornerstones were the ______.
A. automobile, housing and shipping
B. farming, housing and defense industries
C. automobile, housing and defense industries
D. automobile, shipping and defense industries
34. ______ turned out to be the longest war the United States ever fought (1950-1975) as a result of its policy of containment of Communism.
A. The Civil War B. The Korean War
C. The Vietnam War D. World War II
35. Which statement about the Watergate Scandal is NOT true?
A. After the scandal American disillusions grew.
B. Nixon was the second president to resign in U.S. history.
1. About a hundred years ago, Britain ruled an empire that had colonies in ______.
A. Europe, Africa and Asia
B. Australia, Africa and Europe
C. Asia, Africa and North America
D. Europe, Africa and North America
2. The ______ tribes are ancestors of the highland Scots, the Irish and the Welsh.
A. Danish B. Celtic
C. Anglo-Saxon D. Viking
3. Which of the following statements about Roman Britain is true?
A. The Romans remained in control of Britain for over 500 years.
B. The Romans never treated the Britons as a subject people of slave class.
C. During the four centuries, Romans and Britons had a lot of intermarriages.
D. The Romans had no impact on the language or culture of ordinary Britons.
4. Under ______, the feudal system in England was completely established.
A. Edward I B. Henry II
C. King Alfred D. William the Conqueror
5. _______ was, above all, responsible for the religious reform of the Church in the 16th century.
A. Henry VII B. Henry VIII
C. Edward IV D. Edward VI
6. Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, was Elizabeth I’s ______.
A. sister B. daughter
C. cousin D. half-sister
7. The English Renaissance was largely ______.
A. literary B. political
C. religious D. philosophical
8. Loosely speaking, ______ opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Nonconformists.
A. the Whigs B. the Tories
C. the House of Lords D. the House of Commons
9. Which of the following statements about World War II is true?
A. Britain lost about 250,000 lives during the war.
B. Britain became a powerful empire after the war.
C. Britain only devoted part of its entire strength to the war.
D. Britain suffered far more military casualties in World War II than in World War I.
10. The Industrial Revolution refers to the ______ and the consequent changes in social and economic organizations in Britain in the 18th and 19th centuries.
A. urbanization of Britain B. reformation of the Church
C. mechanization of industry D. mechanization of agriculture
11. The oldest institution of government in the U.K. is ______, which goes back to at least the 9th century.
A. the Monarchy B. the Parliament
C. the Privy Council D. the Metropolitan Police
12. The maximum duration of a Parliament in the U.K. is ______.
A. two years B. four years
C. five years D. six years
13. The husband of Queen Elizabeth II is ______.
A. Prince Andrew B. Prince Philip
C. Prince Charles D. Prince William
14. The Lords Temporal in Britain’s House of Lords consists of all the following EXCEPT _____.
A. life peers
B. hereditary peers
C. Lords of appeal of “l(fā)aw lords”
D. the Archbishops of Canterbury and York
15. The House of Commons in the U.K. had its first woman speaker in ______.
A. 1990 B. 1991
C. 1992 D. 1993
16. In England and Wales, lay magistrates (“justice of the peace” or JPs) are appointed by ______.
A. the Monarch B. the Parliament
C. the Prime Minister D. the Lord Chancellor
17. The ______ is the largest single employer of labor in the U.K.
A. British Airways B. British Petroleum
C. National Health Service D. British Telecommunications
18. _____ was founded in 1969, and began its first course in 1970.
A. Glasgow University B. Aberdeen University
C. The Open University D. St Andrews University
19.______ is the most typical English sport in England.
A. Golf B. Cricket
C. Tennis D. Football
20. ______ is a contemporary British musical composer.
A. David Hare B. Tom Stoppard
C. Harold Pinter D. Lloyd Webber
21. The United States of America, with a population of 255.5 million in 1992, was the ______ most populous country in the world.
A. second B. third
C. fourth D. fifth
22. Statistically ______ have been the fastest growing states in population for the last 20 years.
A. Arizona, Nevada and Florida
B. California, Nevada and Florida
C. Arizona, New Jersey and Nevada
D. Arizona, New Mexico and Florida
23. The war at ______ in Northern New York proved to be a great turning point of the War of Independence.
A. Lexington B. Concord
C. Yorktown D. Saratoga
24. The Federalist Papers written under the name of Publius were co-authored by ______.
A. Alexander Hamilton, John Locke and John Jay .
B. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay
C. Andrew Jackson, James Madison and Thomas Jefferson
D. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and Thomas Jefferson
25. The American expansionist movement produced a theory called ______.
A. New Frontier B. New Darwinism
C. Manifest Destiny D. Roosevelt Corollary
26. Which of the following statements is NOT considered the valid reason for the disappearance of black slavery in the American North in the early 1800s?
A. The price of slaves was too high.
B. Slavery was simply illegal in the North.
C. The Africans could not stand cold winters in the North.
D. As the North turned toward industry, mechanics and not farmhands were needed.
27. In the political area, the Progressive Movement demanded ______.
A. the banning of child labor
B. improve living conditions
C. industrial accident insurance
D. reforming the city and state governments
28. The 19th Amendment of voting right for women was adopted during the ______
Administration.
A. J.F.Kennedy’s B. Woodrow Wilson’s
C. Franklin Roosevelt’s D. Theodore Roosevelt’s
29. As a result of the Great Depression, many people lost their land and other properties because of ______.
A. bankruptcy B. foreclosure
C. speculation D. profiteering
30. The aim of measures in the New Deal, as President Roosevelt put it, was to _______.
A. “save American democracy”
B. “regulate and reform the banking system”
C. “strengthen government intervention in business”
D. “raise the role of labor in the relations of production”
31. The first summit between the United States, the Soviet Union and Britain during World War II was held in ______ in November 1943.
A. Yalta B. Cairo
C. Tehran D. Potsdam
32. The open declaration of the containment policy was made by U.S. President ______ on March 12, 1949.
A, Hoover B. Truman
C. Roosevelt D. Eisenhower
33. Since 1945 the United States entered a 25-year economic boom, and the cornerstones were the ______.
A. automobile, housing and shipping
B. farming, housing and defense industries
C. automobile, housing and defense industries
D. automobile, shipping and defense industries
34. ______ turned out to be the longest war the United States ever fought (1950-1975) as a result of its policy of containment of Communism.
A. The Civil War B. The Korean War
C. The Vietnam War D. World War II
35. Which statement about the Watergate Scandal is NOT true?
A. After the scandal American disillusions grew.
B. Nixon was the second president to resign in U.S. history.
結(jié)束
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