2016年湖北學(xué)位英語詞匯綜合練習(xí)和答案解析

湖北2016年學(xué)位英語詞匯綜合練習(xí)和答案解析

1. ______ we need to complete the construction is two million dollars.
A. All what B. That all C. That D. What
2. ______ all our kindness to help her, Sara refused to listen.
A. At B. In C. For D. On
3. _______ all the difficulties, she finished the project by herself.
A. As for B. In spite C. Besides D. Despite
4. _______ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.
A. Being published B. Published C. Publishing D. To be published
5. _______ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.
A. Had they arrived B. Would they arrive C. Were they arriving D. Were they to arrive
6. ______ book is interesting to her although reading is her hobby. She likes reading literature, not politics or economics.
A. None of B. No C. Not every D. All
7. _______classic music, which follows formal European tradition, jazz is a spontaneous and free form.
A. In contrast to B. In connection with C. In comparison with D. In regard to
8. _______ conflict among city-states caused the eventual decline of Greek civilization.
A. Continuous B. Continual C. Constant D. Contrary
9. _______ conventional black ink costs newspaper about thirty cents, most rub-resistant inks add at least ten cents more to the bill.
A. While B. Furthermore C. Meanwhile D. Moreover
10. _______ for this suggestion.
A. There is something to be said B. There has something to be said C. It is something to be said D. It has something to be said
11. _______ for your help, we'd never have been able to get over the difficulties.
A. Had it not B. If it were not C. Had it not been D. It we had not been
12. ______ he's already heard the news.
A. Chances are B. Chance is C. Opportunities are D. Opportunity is
13. _______ his knowledge and academic background, he is basically stupid.
A. But for B. According to C. For all D. Thanks to
14. _______ his return from Japan, Prof. Li went directly to his laboratory and started working with his colleagues.
A. Upon B. At C. Within D. Over
15. _______ I am concerned, some other arrangement would have been better.
A. So far B. As for C. As far as D. So far from
16. _______ I saw you I knew you were angry with me.
A. A moment B. The moment C. In a moment D. For a moment
17. _______ in government was exposed through the agency of the press.
A. Corruption B. Cosmetic C. Cottage D. Costume
18. _______ in the dark, his head hit against the wall.
A. Walking B. His walking C. When he was walking D. While walking
19. _______ is a term for the partial or complete inability to hear.
A. There is deafness B. Deafness that C. It is deafness D. Deafness
20. _______ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.
A. That B. Which C. As D. It
21. _______ is the center of our planetary system was a difficult concept to grasp in the Middle Age.
A. It is the sun and not the earth B. Being the sun and not the earth C. The sun and not the earth D. That the sun and not the earth
22. _______ it or not, his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles.
A. Believe B. To believe C. Believing D. Believed
23. _______ kinds of matter in the world.
A. There is a few million B. That there are millions C. There are a few million D. It is millions
24. _______ man can now create radioactive elements, there is nothing he can do to reduce their radioactivity.
A. As B. Whether C. While D. Now that
25. ______ me, I think an English-Chinese dictionary is much more helpful to our study than an All-English dictionary.
A. As far as B. As far C. As for D. As regard
26. _______ my return, I learned that Professor Smith had been at the Museum and would not be back for several hours.
A. At B. With C. On D. During
27. _______ of the burden of ice, the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South.
A. To be free B. To free C. Freeing D. Freed
28. _______ one time, Manchester was the home of the most productive cotton mills in the world.
A. On B. By C. At D. Of
29. _______ quite recently, most mothers in Britain did not take paid work outside the home.
A. Until B. Before C. From D. Since
30. _______ she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist.
A. That was from Stephen B. It was Stephen whom C. It was from Stephen that D. It was Stephen that
1. D
【句意】完成整個(gè)建設(shè)需要二百萬元
【解 析】在這里 what引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語從句，what既起引導(dǎo)作用，又在從句中作謂語動(dòng)詞 need的賓語，如：What I want to know is why energy, unlike matter, is not made up of molecules and atoms. 我想要知道的是，為什么能量不像物質(zhì)那樣是由分子和原子組成的。因此D是正確選擇。盡管that也可引導(dǎo)主語從句，但不能在主語從句中做成分，所以B和C 錯(cuò)誤。關(guān)系代詞what不能用來引導(dǎo)定語從問，所以A也不正確。
2. C
【句意】盡管我們想要幫助她，Sara卻拒絕了。
【解析】for在這里意為“雖然，盡管”，相當(dāng)于in spite of，notwithstanding，如：For all his efforts, he didn't succeed. 雖然他盡了力，但還是沒有成功。at、in 和on則沒有這種意義和用法。
3. D
【句意】盡管存在很多困難，她還是自己完成了這項(xiàng)工作。
【解 析】despite意為“盡管，不顧”，如：He came to the meeting despite his serious illness. 他盡管病得很厲害，還是來參加了會(huì)議。in spite要和of連用，意思與despite相同，如上句可改為：He came to the meeting in spite of his serious illness. as for意為“至于……，就……而言”，如：As for this kind of rare metal, it will be further studied. 至于這種稀有金屬，要做進(jìn)一步的研究。besides意為“除……之外”，如。Besides English he can speak French and German. 除了英語他還會(huì)說法語和德語。由此可見只有D為正確答案。
4. B【句意】盡管在這個(gè)時(shí)間出版，他的作品還是受到了關(guān)注。
【解 析】本題考查的是as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句．動(dòng)詞publish動(dòng)作的對象是從句的主語，所以需要用過去分詞與was構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)， 如：Thoroughly cleaned as it was, the room didn't look tidy. 房間雖然給徹底打掃了，但看起來并不整潔。選項(xiàng)A是現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式，表示該動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或與謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，如；
Being earnestly invited to dinner, she couldn't very well refuse. 有人熱情邀請她參加宴會(huì)，她不好意思拒絕．選項(xiàng)C是現(xiàn)在分詞的主動(dòng)形式，選項(xiàng)D是動(dòng)詞不定式，而不定式做狀話一般表示動(dòng)作的目的，一般是將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 由此可見，只有B是正確答案，而A，C和D旨不正確。
5. D【句意】在后天我們走之前他們可以趕過來的，我們會(huì)舉行一次晚宴。
【解析】 本句是一個(gè)虛擬條件句，主句的謂語用的是“should + 動(dòng)詞原形”，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或與將來事實(shí)可能相反。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出，從句部分是倒裝句，省略了連接詞if，由于句子中的時(shí)間狀語是the day after tomorrow，所以從句動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用與將來事實(shí)可能相反的虛擬語氣，即“should (were to)+ 動(dòng)詞原形”，如：Were they to act like that again, we should criticize them severely. 要是他們再那樣做，我們就要嚴(yán)厲地批評他們。由此可見，D是正確答案．
6. C【句意】并不是所有的書她都感興趣，盡管閱讀是她的樂趣。她喜歡讀文學(xué)類的書，而不是政經(jīng)類的書。
【解 析】all, both, every, always, often, entirely, wholly, altogether等詞的否定形式一般表示部分否定，如：All is not gold that glitters. 發(fā)光的未必全是金子。又如：Every force does not always produce movement. 力并非總產(chǎn)生運(yùn)動(dòng)。
7. A【句意】和古典音樂追隨歐洲傳統(tǒng)相反，爵士樂是一種自然和自由的表達(dá)方式。
【解 析】in contrast to意為“同……相對照或相對比，與……相反”，比較的是兩者之間的差異，如：In contrast to the China of pre-liberation days, China of today is strong and powerful. 與解放前的中國相對比，今日的中國強(qiáng)大而有力。in connection with意為“與……有關(guān)系，關(guān)于”，如：In connection with your request of March 18th, we are sorry to tell you your goods can not be shipped right now. 關(guān)于你 3月 18日信中提出）的要來，我們很抱歉你的貨物不能馬上裝船。in comparison with意為“和……比較起來”，既可以比較相同點(diǎn)也可以比較不同點(diǎn)，如：The tallest buildings in London are small in comparison with those of New York. 倫敦最高的樓房同紐約的比起來仍然很低。in regard to做“關(guān)于”講，如：In regard to the other matter, we have not yet discussed it fully. 關(guān)于其他事情，我們還沒有充分討論。
8. B【句意】城邦之間不斷的沖突導(dǎo)致了希臘文明最終的衰落。
【解 析】continual意為“經(jīng)常不斷的，常常的（中間可能有間隔）”，如：Continual smoking is bad to one's health. 經(jīng)常抽煙有害身體健康。continuous指連續(xù)不斷而且絕對不中斷，如：The continuous work made me completely exhausted. 不間斷的工作使我筋疲力盡。constant可用來指習(xí)慣性的重復(fù)，如：Constant practice will make you overcome difficulties. 經(jīng)常訓(xùn)練會(huì)使你克服困難。contrary作“相反的”講，如：Any contrary policy is absolutely wrong. 任何相反的政策都是絕對錯(cuò)誤的。
9. A【句意】用傳統(tǒng)的墨水印刷大約需要三十美分，而防摩擦的墨水至少要貴十美分。
【解析】 furthermore（此外，而且），meanwhile（同時(shí)）和moreover（再者，此外）均是副詞，都不能引導(dǎo)從句。只有while是連詞， 意為“雖然”，含有讓步之意，可以引導(dǎo)從句，如：While I admit that the problems are difficult, I don't agree that they cannot be solved. 雖然我承認(rèn)這些問題很難，但我不認(rèn)為它們不能解決。
10. A【句意】對這條建議，大家有些話要說。
【解 析】"There is something (nothing, little, plenty) to be said for…"是一個(gè)句型，意為“……有一定（沒有，幾乎沒有，很有）道理”，如：There is something to be said for both sides of the issue. 看起來爭論的雙方都有一定道理。
11. C【句意】如果沒有你的幫助，我們不會(huì)克服那些困難。
【解 析】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，我們可以看出逗號后面是使用了虛擬語氣的主句，因此，須填入表示與過去情況相反的虛擬條件句，"if it were not for…"這一結(jié)構(gòu)表示同現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，意為“如果不是……”，例如：If it weren't for his wife's money, he'd never be a director. 如果不是他妻子有錢，他永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)成為一名董事。If it were not for his help, I would never study here. 如果沒有他的幫助，我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)在這兒學(xué)習(xí)。因此，BIf it were not 錯(cuò)誤。"if it had not been for…"的倒裝形式為"had it not been for…"，表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，意為”如果當(dāng)時(shí)沒有……“，主句謂語形式是"would ＋ have done"，例如：If it had not been for Dr. Li, he would have died of smallpox. 如果當(dāng)初不是李醫(yī)生的話，他已死于天花了。Had it not been for his carelessness, the project wouldn't have failed. 當(dāng)時(shí)如果不是他粗心的話，這項(xiàng)工程不會(huì)失敗。因此，C. Had it not been正確，A. Had it not錯(cuò)誤（如果后跟been，就是正確的了），D. If we had not been無此結(jié)構(gòu)。
12. A【句意】可能他聽說了這條消息。
【解析】"(The) chances are (that)"常用于口語中，意為“很可能”，如：The chances are that he is staying at home. 他很可能呆在家里。
13. C【句意】盡管他知識淵博，也受過教育，但本質(zhì)上比較愚蠢。
【解 析】for all意為“盡管，雖然”，如：For all you say, I still like him. 盡管你這樣說，我還是喜歡他。but for作“要不是，若非”講，如：But for the rain, we should have had a pleasant journey. 要不是下雨，我們就會(huì)去做一次很愉快的旅行了。according to意為“依照，根據(jù)”。thanks to則做“幸虧，由于”講，如：Thanks to your help, we were successful. 由于你的幫忙，我們得以成功。
14. A【句意】一從日本回來，李教授直接去了實(shí)驗(yàn)室，開始和同事們一起工作。
【解析】“upon (on)+表示行為的名詞”相當(dāng)于as soon as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。
15. C【句意】就我來說，其他的安排可能更好。
【解 析】"as far as … be concerned"是固定搭配，意為“就……來說，就……而論”，如：It is impossible as far as we are concerned. 對于我們來說，這是不可能的。so far意為“迄今為止”，如：The weather has been hot so far this summer. 到目前為止，今年夏天天氣一直很熱。as for意為“至于……”，后跟名詞或代詞，不可跟從句。如：As for my past, I'm not telling you anything. 至于我的歷史，我什么都不會(huì)告訴你。so far from意為“非但不”，如：So far from taking my advice, he went and did just what I warned him against. 他非但不接受我的勸告，反而去干了我告誡他別干的事。
16. B【句意】我一見到你，我知道你還在生我的氣。
【解析】for a moment意為“一會(huì)兒”，in a moment做“立即，立刻”解，兩者均可作時(shí)間狀語。the moment相當(dāng)于as soon as，起連接作用，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，如：The moment she saw it, she recognized the type of the machine. 她一看就認(rèn)出了這臺機(jī)器的型號。
17. A【句意】政府的腐敗通過新聞界揭露了出來。
【解析】 corruption意為“腐化，腐敗”，如。Corruption among the officials was another cause for discontent. 官員腐化是引起不滿的又一原因。cosmetic意為“化妝品”，如：Mother has a special cosmetic bag for keeping her cosmetics in. 母親有一只專門放化妝品的化妝袋。cottage意為“小屋，別墅”，如：They have a summer cottage. 他們有處避暑別墅。costume意為“服裝，戲裝”，如：He was dressed in ceremonial costume. 他身穿禮服。
18. C【句意】當(dāng)他在黑暗中行走的時(shí)候，他的頭碰到了墻。
【解析】由于walk和主句主語his head沒有任何邏輯關(guān)系，因此在這里不能使用walk的非謂語形式，也不能使用"while + -ing"形式做狀語，否則就形成了懸垂結(jié)構(gòu)。在這種情況下，到們只好使用when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，所以C正確。
19. D【句意】聾是一個(gè)用來形容部分或者全部喪失聽力的術(shù)語。
【解析】根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)我們可以看出，該處應(yīng)為主語，而四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中可以做主語的只有deafness，因此D為正確答案。
20. C【句意】眾所周知，馬克？吐溫是一位偉大的美國作家。
【解 析】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)我們可以看出，前面的句子是非限制性定語從句，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中 A和 D不能引導(dǎo)此類從句，故應(yīng)排除。Which引導(dǎo)的此類從句必須置于主句之后，因此B也不正確。as可以做關(guān)系詞，做“正如…… 那樣；
如同……那樣”講，用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，這時(shí)，as指代整個(gè)主句，既可放在主句前，也可放在主句后，后一種情況往往被看做插入語，例如：As is known to us all, contributions to computer technology are no longer confined to any one country. 大家都知道，對計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)做出貢獻(xiàn)的，已經(jīng)不像過去那樣僅是某一個(gè)國家了。He did it on purpose, as is often the case. 這是他故意干的，情況通常是這樣。As we know, water is necessary for the existence of all forms of life. 我們知道，水對于切生物的生存是必不可少的。有些考生誤選了it，他們錯(cuò)誤地認(rèn)為it做形式主語，后面的Mark Twain is a great American writer做真正的主語。如將句中的逗號省略掉，并代之以that，那么選it就是正確的了。
21. D【句意】太陽是星系的中心，而不是地球，在中世紀(jì)這是一個(gè)難以理解的概念。
【解 析】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)我們可以看出。在was前面是一個(gè)主語從句，而主語從句必須有引導(dǎo)詞。但A，B和C中都沒有引導(dǎo)詞，因此三個(gè)均錯(cuò)。D中that引導(dǎo)主語 從句，在句中不做任何成分，只起引導(dǎo)詞的作用，因而D是正確答案，如。That he will refuse the offer is unlikely. 他拒絕這項(xiàng)建議的可能性不大。
22. A【句意】信不信由你，他的發(fā)現(xiàn)在科技界引起了震動(dòng)。
【解析】believe it or not是習(xí)慣用語，常用于口語中，意為“信不信由你，我說的是真的”。如：Believe it or not, he was granted a full scholarship by Harvard University. 信不信由你，哈佛大學(xué)給他提供了全額獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。Believe it or not, I'm feeling quite homesick. 我很想家，我說的是真話。
23. C【句意】世界上有數(shù)百萬種物質(zhì)。
【解析】million一詞做數(shù)詞時(shí)不加s，如：There are two million people in that city. 那座市有200萬人。另外，B中的that易使人認(rèn)為它要引導(dǎo)一個(gè)名詞性從句，而且million后加s時(shí)，要和of連用，D中it is不表示“存在”之意。因此B和D錯(cuò)誤。在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動(dòng)詞要和與之最近的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。句中的kinds是復(fù)數(shù)，要求其謂語動(dòng)詞也用復(fù)數(shù)形式。因此A錯(cuò)誤而C正確。
24. C【句意】雖然人類現(xiàn)在可以創(chuàng)造出各種放射性元素，但是他們沒有辦法來減少其放射性。
【解 析】while除了引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句外，還可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，做“盡管，雖然”講，有著強(qiáng)烈的對比意味，例如；
While I admit his good points I can see his bad ones. 雖然我承認(rèn)他的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但我也能看得出他的缺點(diǎn)。whether引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，通常與or連用，意為“不管……還是……”，例如。Whether you can see the moon or not, it is always round. 不管你看見與否，月亮總是圓的。 now that 意為“既然…… ”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，從句內(nèi)容是既成的事實(shí)，例如：Now that you will come here, I needn't go there. 既然你要來，我就沒必要到那兒去了。as也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，但是該從句一般置于主句之前，且從句內(nèi)容必須倒裝，例如。Much as he likes her, he does get irritated with her sometimes. 盡管他喜歡她，可有時(shí)他確實(shí)也對她發(fā)火。Try as he would, he could not lift the rock. 雖然他盡力了，但仍不能搬動(dòng)那塊石頭。
25. C【句意】對我來說，我認(rèn)為一本英漢字典要比一本全英字典要好。
【解析】as for做“對……來說，就……而言”講，如： As for her, she prefers tea to coffee. 至于她，則更喜歡茶而不是咖啡。as (so) far as意為“就……所……”如：As far as I know, there are no peaches on the market. 就我所知，市場上沒有桃子。as far不做為固定短語用。as regard也不做為固定短語用，坦as regards是固定短語，意思是“至于”，如：Now, as regards money, what is to be done? 至于錢的問題，該怎么辦？
26. C【句意】我一回來就了解到史密斯教授已經(jīng)到了博物館，幾個(gè)小時(shí)不會(huì)回來。
【解 析】on用來指時(shí)間，表示“在……之時(shí)”，相當(dāng)于at the same time of，后跟動(dòng)名詞或表示動(dòng)作的名詞，如：On his arrival in Qingdao he set to work in earnest一到青島他就認(rèn)真地干了起來。而at，with和during 則沒有這種用法。
27. D【句意】擺脫了冰的束縛，氣球越升越高，飄到了南方。
【解 析】根據(jù)句于結(jié)構(gòu)我們可以看出，該處應(yīng)使用分詞短語，表示原因，因此A和B應(yīng)予以排除。又因?yàn)閒ree和balloon具有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以C也可 以排除。此處使用過去分詞表示動(dòng)作的被動(dòng)和完成，如：Influenced by his example, they performed countless good deeds. 在他事跡的影響下，他們做了無數(shù)的好事。
28. C【句意】曾經(jīng)，曼徹斯特是世界上幾個(gè)大棉廠的誕生地。
【解 析】at one time意為“曾經(jīng)，一度”。如：At one time the little girl formed the habit of visiting Einstein after school every day. 有一段時(shí)間，那個(gè)小女孩養(yǎng)成了個(gè)習(xí)慣，每天放學(xué)后都去看望愛因斯坦。選項(xiàng)A，B和D都不能和one time構(gòu)成短語，故只有C正確。
29. A【句意】直到最近，英國的大部分已婚婦女還沒有離家工作。
【解 析】before，from和since與quite recently連用，不符合語法；
before quite recently一般要與過去完成時(shí)連用；
from (since) quite recently一般要與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)連用。until用在否定句中表示“直到……才”之意，如：It was not until the beginning of the century that man began to realize that it was the brain not the heart that was the center of mind. 直到本世紀(jì)初，人們才逐漸認(rèn)識到是大腦而不是心臟是思維活動(dòng)的中心。由此可見，A是正確答案。
30. C【句意】正是從Stephen那里，他聽說了被人稱之為專家的那個(gè)人。
【解 析】由于英語語法要求在同一個(gè)句號前，不可以有兩個(gè)既不是并列關(guān)系，也不是從屬關(guān)系的句子，故A不是正確答案。B，C和D都使用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，但通過運(yùn)用這 樣一個(gè)規(guī)則“將強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的it is（或was）和that（或who）省略掉，句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍然應(yīng)該是完整的”，就可看出只有C為正確答案。例如：It was this very student that had shown great interest in the problem. 就是這個(gè)學(xué)生曾對這個(gè)問題表現(xiàn)出了極大的興趣。