2016年湖北學(xué)位英語(yǔ)考試復(fù)習(xí)資料：句尾介詞

湖北2016年學(xué)位英語(yǔ)考試復(fù)習(xí)資料：句尾介詞

考生可能聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)：不要把介詞（prepositions）放在句尾，以免削弱句子的氣勢(shì)。

實(shí)際上，英語(yǔ)的介詞是可以在句尾出現(xiàn)的；
有時(shí)還是非在句尾不可。請(qǐng)看這句：

"I may give you financial aid. But it all depends on what the money is for."

這句話(huà)的介詞"for"在句尾出現(xiàn)。如果把"for"移到賓語(yǔ)之前，就不合句法了：

"...But it all depends on for what the money is."

這么看來(lái)，英語(yǔ)介詞是可以放在句尾的。既然如此，在什么情況下，英語(yǔ)介詞才可以放在句尾呢？

常見(jiàn)的情況有下面4 種：

㈠當(dāng)疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞作為介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，理論上要在介詞后面出現(xiàn)，但在實(shí)際用法上，它被轉(zhuǎn)移到疑問(wèn)句前頭，介詞則留在句尾。例如：

① What are you dreaming of?

② Where are you from?

①不能改為"Are you dreaming of what?"也不能是"Of what are you dreaming?"
②不是"Are you from where?"，更不是"From where are you?"

㈡介詞不能移到限定性形容詞分句中的關(guān)系代詞（the relative pronoun in the restricted adjective clause）之前；
因此，我們可以
③表示心意，但不能用
④這樣的句子：

③ Is this the book that you asked me for?

④ Is this the book for that you asked me?

同樣的，
⑤是對(duì)的，⑥是錯(cuò)的：

⑤ This is the goal that we are striving towards.

⑥ This is the goal towards that we are striving.

㈢在不可分開(kāi)的片語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（the inseparable phrasal verb）里，如果介詞在句尾，也只好隨遇而安，不便移動(dòng)。例如：

⑦ This is something which I refuse to put up with.

⑧ Such a matter should be immediately dealt with.

⑨ An 8% increase in salary is not to be sniffed at.

⑩ The rising cost is really a thing to be reckoned with.

㈣當(dāng)帶介詞的不定式動(dòng)詞修飾名詞而又出現(xiàn)在句尾時(shí)，這介詞只好保留在原位。例如：

11. David is a nice person to work with.

12. I like to have someone to talk to.

13. This is not a comfortable place to live in.

14. Give me a good pen to write with.

15. Is this a box to put coins in？

16. There is some useful information for you to refer to.

綜上所述，英語(yǔ)介詞不但可以在句尾出現(xiàn)，有時(shí)還非在句尾不可！

除了所舉的情況之外，盡量避免把介詞放在句尾。例如17-19雖沒(méi)有什么問(wèn)題，但不如20-22好和自然：

17. Can you tell me whom do you share your office with?

18. This is the last way which the idea can be pushed through.

19. What reason have you chosen this scheme for?

20. Can you tell me with whom do you share your office?

21. This is the best way through which the idea can be pushed.

22. For what reason have you chosen this scheme?