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2013年高考英語復(fù)習(xí):考點三代詞(3)
④在由及物動詞與介詞構(gòu)成的固定搭配中賓語從句若作該動詞的賓語,需借用it作形式賓語。
I leave it to your own judgement whether you should do it.
是否該做這件事,我讓你自己判斷。
We owe it to you that there wasn't a serious accident.沒有嚴(yán)重的事故,我們把此歸功于你。
(3)it用于強調(diào)句
It was she who/that had been wrong.(強調(diào)主語)就是她錯了。
It was the girl whom/that I met just now.(強調(diào)賓語)我剛才碰到的就是這個女孩。
It was Tom whom the teacher had talkedto.(強調(diào)介詞賓語)老師跟他談話的就是湯姆。
It was on Monday night that all this hap-pened.(強調(diào)狀語)就是在周一晚上,發(fā)生了這一切。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.(強調(diào)not until引導(dǎo)的從句)就是直到她摘下墨鏡我才認(rèn)出她是著名電影明星。
(4)it還可用于以下句型:
It is/has been+-段時間+since從句(自從……已多久了)
It is fjxie months since I arrived in NewYork.我到紐約已經(jīng)5個月了。(終止性動詞)
It has been five months since he lived in New York.他不在紐約生活已經(jīng)5個月了。(延續(xù)性動詞)
注意:終止性動詞表示從動作發(fā)生時算起;
如果是狀態(tài)動詞或延續(xù)性動詞,則從動作或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時算起。
②It was/will be+ -段時間+before從句(在……之前有多長時間)
It will be several years before we meet again.我們要過好幾年才能再見面。
It was not long before she learned those poems by heart.沒過多久她就記熟那些詩了。中 華 考 試 網(wǎng)
③It be+時間+when從句(當(dāng)……時是某個時間了)
It was next morning when we finished our work.到了第二天早晨我們才完成了工作。
④It is/was/will be+序數(shù)詞+time+ that從句(從句必須用完成時態(tài))
It is the first time that I have been here.這是我第一次來這里。
3.以數(shù)量為突破口巧辨代詞
(1)兩者中的一個用one,另一個用the other,形成one.…the other結(jié)構(gòu)。
He got two books. One is a textbook,and the other is a novel.他買了兩本書,一本是課本,另一本是小說。
(2)-定范圍內(nèi),除去一部分人/物,剩余的全部用the others或用“the other+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”。一定范圍內(nèi),除去一部分后,剩余部分不是全部時,用others或“other+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”。形成句式:some.…others.…“一些……另一些……”,some.…the others.“一些……其余的都……”。
Some are singing,and the others are dancing. -些人在唱歌,其余的人在跳舞。
(3) another修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),意為“(不定數(shù)目中的)另一個”,不能指兩者中的另一個。one.another(a second).…a third.the other.意為“一個……再一個……第三個……其余的……”。此結(jié)構(gòu)常用于三者以上的排列。one another和each other都可用于涉及兩個或多個人或事物的場合。另外,“every other+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”表示“每隔一……”。
This coat is too small. Please show me another.(賓語)這件外套太小了,請給我拿另一件。
(4) another和more都可以和數(shù)詞連用,修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞,意為“再,又”,但在句中的位置不一樣,another位于數(shù)詞前面,而more則在數(shù)詞后面。
Please give me another ten minutes.
(= Please give me ten more minutes.)請再給我10分鐘的時間。
4.配對代詞巧辨析
(1) one,the one與ones
①one只能替代單數(shù)名詞,one的復(fù)數(shù)形式ones只能替代復(fù)數(shù)名詞,表泛指。
My child doesn't like this book. Show her a more interesting one.我的孩子不喜歡這本書,給她一本更有趣的。
②替代詞one或ones必須帶有一個限定詞或修飾詞,它們和所替代的名詞所指代的不是同一個對象,即“同名異物”。
I don't like this umbrella very much. Please show me a more elegant one.我不太喜歡這把雨傘,請讓我看一把更雅致的。
③當(dāng)替代詞one或ones帶有后置修飾語時,它們的前面總有定冠詞the,表特指。
Our new car is more expensive than the one we had before.我們的新車比以前我們擁有的那輛貴。
④替代詞one如果不帶任何前置修飾語,即它的前面既沒有限定詞,又沒有形容詞時,則是替代整個名詞詞組。這時,one=a/an+單數(shù)名詞。
A cake made of wheat costs less than one made of rice.(one =a cake)用小麥制作的蛋糕比用大米制作的蛋糕花費得少。
one的這種用法是泛指同類事物中的任何一個,相當(dāng)于“不定冠詞十單數(shù)名詞”,因此它沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。此時要泛指復(fù)數(shù)事物,只能用some。
Here are a few apples. Would you like some
(= some of them)?這兒有一些蘋果,你想吃嗎?
(2)no,none與no one
①no等于not any或not a(n),可以修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。no有時用作副詞,與形容詞、副詞或其比較級連用,表示否定。
No man is born wise.聰明非天生。
He found this was no light task.他發(fā)現(xiàn)這不是個輕松的任務(wù)。
The sick man is no better.那個病人一點都沒有好轉(zhuǎn)。
②none既可以指人又可以指物,表示“一個人/物也沒有”。none代替不可數(shù)名詞作主語
時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;
代替可數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語動詞可用單數(shù)也可用復(fù)數(shù)形式。none
還可以用來回答how many/much引導(dǎo)的問句。
We were all tired,but none of us would stop to have a rest.我們都累了,但是沒有一個人愿意停下來休息。
-How many students are in the classroom?
多少學(xué)生在教室?
- None.一個也沒有。
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