自考“英語翻譯”完整技巧篇（12）

　　II. 表示邏輯關系上的減詞：1.省去句子的主要結構只保留關聯(lián)詞：a. The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so ， the consumer should do this， stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible.（商店的老板會建議顧客給制造商寫信。要真是這樣的話，顧客應該盡量把投訴書寫的禮貌些、措辭更堅定一些。）

　　b. And how can it be otherwise， when the range of knowledge is so vast that the expert himself is an ignoramus as soon as he strays away from his own specialty. （可是不這樣，有能有什么別的更好的辦法呢？知識的范圍如此廣袤，一旦越出其專業(yè)范圍，連專家也會變得一無所知。）

　　c. It must be admitted that every nation has its strong points. If not， how can it survive ？

　?。總€民族都有它的優(yōu)點，不然，怎么可以生存下來？）

　　2.省去主語：d. When completed ， this bridge will be the largest in Asia. （這座橋一旦竣工將是亞洲最大的。）

　　e. In some organization ， important papers ， letters， speeches ， documents， etc，are kept on file so that they can be easily obtained when needed. （在許多組織里，重要的文件、信函、演講材料、檔案都保存在文件夾里，以便需要時很容易查到。）

　　自考英語翻譯技巧六

　　翻譯時句子成分的轉換：

　　英譯漢時，有時為了通順，往往需要將原文的某一句子成分轉譯成另一部分進行句子成分的轉換：

　　非主語轉譯成主語：

　　定語譯為主語a. If there should be any last-minute change in the sialing time， we‘ll contact you by telephone.開船時間假如臨時有更改，我們會用電話通知你。

　　（狀語譯為主語）

　　b. In many countries， free-port areas or foreign-trade zones have been established， where   foreign   merchants need not pay tariffs fort their unloaded goods if the goods remain within these areas or zones.許多國家都建立了自由港和保稅區(qū)，在那里，外國商人只要是在本區(qū)內，未卸船的貨物可以不納稅。

　　c. The average temperature in summeris as hight as 35C.   One can not be pleasant living in that place.夏天的平均溫度高達攝氏35C，生活在那里不可能舒服。

　　d. A good many new books were published by the Foreign Language Press last year.外文出版社去年出版了許多新書。

　　謂語譯為主語e. When a material is stressed byong the elastic limit a permaent deformation results.當一種材料的應力超過彈性極限時，就會產(chǎn)生永久變形。

　　表語譯為主語f. Television is different from radio in that its sends and receives pictures.電視和無線電的不同點在于電視能收發(fā)圖象。

　　賓語轉譯成主語g.  The wise buyer finds ways to make sure that wrong thinking is not allowed to interfere with careful planning in this purchases.（明智的購買者盡量做到購買時不讓錯誤的想法干擾。）

　　His father flew into rage with what he had done.（他的所作所為讓他的父親大為光火。）

　　被動 語態(tài)一般是，主謂語的位子翻譯成漢語時需要顛倒，即原來的主語作賓語：

　　h.Drastic action must be taken if they want to reduce traffic accidents and air pollution.（如果他們想減少交通事故和污染，就必須迅速采取措施。）

　　i. I was totally upset by what he did in the exam.（他考試時的表現(xiàn)確實讓我很擔心。）

　　j  Asia was passed over by the industrial revolution.（工業(yè)革命沒有光顧亞洲。）

　　譯成帶“是”的結構：

　　k.  We were moved to tears by the fact that he came to   the meeting in spite of his illness.（最讓我感激涕零的是，他帶病堅持來開會。）

　　譯成： “由”“把”，“使”等字引導的句子：

　　l.  His mother was dismissed due to the fact that she  couldn‘t type fast enough.（ 老板把他的媽媽給解雇了，因為他打字不夠快。）

　　m. She was worried ，because her son had written for a long time.（ 她兒子很長時間沒給她寫信了，這可把她給擔心壞了。）

　　n. Wind is caused by air moving between cold and warm region.（風是由冷暖地區(qū)流動著的空氣引起的。）

　　非謂語轉譯成謂語：

　　The new rule is applicable to foreigners.這一項新規(guī)定適用與外國人。（表語譯為謂語）

　　There is a need for improvement in your study habits你的學習習慣需要改進（主語譯為謂語）